Who is known for the theory of operant conditioning which states that behavior is controlled by its consequences?

The theory of operant conditioning is primarily associated with B.F. Skinner, who conducted extensive research on how behaviors are influenced and shaped by the consequences that follow them. Skinner proposed that behaviors followed by positive outcomes are more likely to be repeated, while those followed by negative consequences are less likely to occur again. This principle highlights the importance of reinforcement (both positive and negative) in shaping behavior.

Skinner’s work involved the use of what he called "reinforcement schedules" and experiments with animals, particularly using devices like the Skinner box, to study behavior in a controlled environment. His contributions to the field of psychology have had lasting impacts, influencing educational practices, behavior modification therapies, and understanding learning processes.

While Edward Thorndike contributed to the foundation of behaviorism with his Law of Effect, and Ivan Pavlov is well-known for his classical conditioning experiments, Skinner's theory of operant conditioning specifically focuses on how consequences affect voluntary behavior, making him the most recognized figure for this theory. Lev Vygotsky's work, on the other hand, centers more on social learning and the role of social interactions in cognitive development, rather than behavior shaped through consequences.