Which term describes the cognitive process of understanding the organization of language in context?

The term that describes the cognitive process of understanding the organization of language in context is pragmatics. Pragmatics focuses on how context influences the interpretation of meaning in communication. It involves understanding not just the literal meanings of words and sentences, but also how social factors, speakers' intentions, and the situation in which communication occurs affect understanding.

In contrast, syntax refers specifically to the rules and structure that govern how words are combined to form sentences. Grammar encompasses a broader scope, including both syntax and morphology, concerning the rules that dictate the structure of a language overall. The term structure, while relevant to how language can be organized, is more general and does not capture the nuanced interaction of context and meaning that pragmatics addresses. Thus, pragmatics is the most appropriate term for this cognitive process, as it encompasses the complexity of language use in real-world settings.