What do phonemes represent in language?

Phonemes represent the smallest units of sound in a language that distinguish one word from another. In this context, option B is the correct choice because it accurately identifies phonemes as the foundational sounds of spoken language. They do not represent whole words or meanings but instead make up the building blocks that combine to form words.

For instance, in the English word "bat," there are three phonemes: /b/, /æ/, and /t/. Each of these sounds contributes to the word's distinctiveness. Understanding phonemes is crucial for developing skills in phonics, which ultimately supports reading and writing abilities.

Words in context, grammar structures, and spoken language only are broader categories that involve phonemes but do not specifically define what they are. While phonemes are critical for pronunciation and building spoken language, they are not limited to spoken language alone; they can also be represented in written form through phonetic transcription. However, the fundamental nature of phonemes lies in their representation as sounds, making option B the most appropriate answer.